VanEck refiles with SEC for spot Bitcoin ETF

VanEck, one of the first firms in the world to ever file for a Bitcoin (BTC) exchange-traded fund (ETF), is not giving up on its plans to launch a spot Bitcoin ETF in the United States.

The firm has refiled an application for a physically-backed Bitcoin ETF with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).

Filed on June 24, VanEck’s latest Bitcoin ETF application comes months after the SEC rejected its previous spot Bitcoin ETF request on Nov. 12, 2021. The securities regulator based its decision on the ETF on its alleged inability to meet standards to protect investors and the public interest as well as to “prevent fraudulent and manipulative acts and practices.”

In the latest filing, VanEck provided a wide number of reasons for the SEC to approve a Bitcoin ETF this time.

The ETF company argued that the lack of a U.S.-listed spot Bitcoin exchange-traded products (ETP) does not prevent U.S. funds from gaining exposure to Bitcoin. That is because many U.S. ETPs use Canadian BTC ETPs to gain exposure to spot BTC, VanEck argued, stating:

“Approving this proposal — and others like it — would provide U.S. ETFs and mutual funds with a U.S.-listed and regulated products to provide such access rather than relying on either flawed products or products listed and primarily regulated in other countries.”

As previously reported by Cointelegraph, Canada was one of the first countries in the world to debut a spot Bitcoin ETF with the launch of the Purpose Bitcoin ETF in February 2021.

VanEck went on to say that approving a spot Bitcoin ETF would be a logical step for the SEC after the authority decided to allow Bitcoin futures-based ETFs. As previously reported, VanEck’s BTC futures ETF started trading on the Chicago Board Options Exchange on Nov. 16, 2021.

“After issuing the Bitcoin futures approvals which conclude the CME Bitcoin futures market is a regulated market […] the only consistent outcome would be approving spot Bitcoin ETPs on the basis that the Bitcoin futures market is also a regulated market of significant size as it relates to the Bitcoin spot market,” the new filing reads.

Related: Grayscale’s legal challenge to SEC sparks response from the community

According to Bloomberg ETF analyst Henry Jim, the deadline for VanEck’s latest spot Bitcoin ETF is March 3, 2023.

VanEck is known as one of the first U.S. firms to ever file for a Bitcoin futures ETF. The company originally filed for a physically-backed Bitcoin ETF in June 2018 but the SEC repeatedly postponed its decision over the proposal to eventually reject it three years later.



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BSNL Rs. 228, Rs. 239 Prepaid Monthly Recharge Plans Launched: Report

Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL) has reportedly launched two new monthly recharge plans. The first plan costs Rs. 228 and will offer unlimited voice calling and 2GB of daily data among other benefits. The second plan costs Rs. 239 and will offer Rs. 10 talktime in addition to unlimited voice calling and 2GB daily data among other benefits. These plans will reportedly be available for the users from Friday, July 1. They will compete with Jio, Vi, and Airtel who already have prepaid plans in this price range.

As per a report by TelecomTalk, both Rs. 228 and Rs. 239 monthly prepaid plans will get unlimited voice calling, 2GB of daily data with speed reduced to 80kbps post exhausting 2GB data, and 100 SMS per day. While the BSNL Rs. 228 plan bundles Challenges Arena Mobile Gaming Service on Progressive Web App for customers, the Rs. 239 plan will offer an additional talktime of Rs. 10 on recharge. The BSNL website shows a monthly plan of Rs. 229 with the same benefits as the Rs. 228 plan mentioned in the report.

In comparison, Vi offers Rs. 239 and Rs. 249 recharge plans that offer unlimited talktime as well as 1GB and 1.5GB data per day, respectively. The Rs. 239 plan’s validity is for 24 days and Rs. 249 plan’s validity is of 21 days. Airtel offers a Rs. 239 prepaid plan which offers unlimited talktime, 1GB data per day for 24 days. Jio, however, offers more prepaid recharge plans in this price range. There is a Rs. 222 plan with 2GB data per day and unlimited calling for 28 days, the Rs. 239 plan offers 1.5GB data per day for 28 days, and there is a Rs. 249 prepaid plan that offers 2GB data per day for 23 days.


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Pokémon Go’s Companion Social App Campfire to Roll Out Globally Soon, Says Niantic



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Grizzlies Announce Jaren Jackson Underwent Right Foot Surgery

Jaren Jackson Jr. went under the knife on Wednesday to address a stress fracutre in his right foot, per the Memphis Grizzlies.

The procedure will knock the versatile big man out for at least 4-6 months before he makes a full recovery, according to the Grizzlies.

Jackson is coming a breakout season after averaging 16.3 points, 5.8 rebounds, and a League-best 2.3 blocks per game in his fourth year in the NBA. Jackson was integral in the Grizzlies finishing second in the West with a 56-26 regular-season record.

Jackson has suffered two knee injures that knocked him out early during the first two seasons of his NBA season. However, Jacksons fortunes turned around last season after he played 78 games and earned first-team All-Defensive honors.

The pairing Jackson has formed with Ja Morant has made the Grizzlies one of the more dangerous up-and-coming squads in the NBA going into the 2022-23 campaign. As long as the team stays healthy, there’s no telling how quickly they’ll become a title threat in the coming future.



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REPORT: Ja Morant Locked in With Memphis After Signing Max Extension

Ja Morant has reportedly agreed to a max extension deal that’ll last five years on Thursday, per his agent and NBA insider Adrian Wojnarowski of ESPN.

After four seasons, Morant has emerged as a certified superstar after winning Most Improved Player of the year, earning his first All-Star bid, and being named to the All-NBA Second Team. Morant also averaged 27.4 points, 5.7 rebounds, and 6.7 assists per game while leading Memphis to a 56-26 record, good for second place in the Western Conference. Morant led the Grizzlies to the second round of the Western Conference playoffs before Memphis fell to the eventual champion Golden State Warriors in six games.

“Over the past three seasons, Ja has truly emerged as an NBA superstar and must-see TV,” Jim Tanner, Morant’s agent, told ESPN. “From Rookie of the Year to NBA All-Star starter, to All-NBA Second Team and Most Improved Player, we are incredibly proud of him for his dedication to improving his game and developing into a team leader. The Grizzlies are a perfect fit for Ja. The organization and the city have embraced him.

“The sky is the limit for Ja both on and off the court, and we look forward to helping him continue to build his legacy in the league.”

Morant and the Grizzlies will look to take the next step as one of the youngest and hard-nosed teams in the League. Led by Morant, Jaren Jackson Jr., and Desmond Bane, this Grizzlies team could be a threat for many years to come. They even have a budding rivalry brewing with the 2022 champion Warriors. Morant and Draymond Green have gone back and forth on Twitter. Klay Thompson called Jackson out for some tweets he perceived as disrespectful.

The young and hungry Grizzlies vs. the grizzled veteran Warriors could be the best NBA feud since the Kings and Lakers, Lakers and Spurs, or even Cavaliers and Pistson when LeBron James was coming up in the League as a young and upcoming threat to the NBA’s hierarchy.



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Raspberry Pie Pico W Microcontroller With Wi-Fi Chip Launched: Price, Specifications

Raspberry Pie Pico W microcontroller was launched on Thursday, based on the RP2040 chip that is built on TSMC’s 40nm low-power process. This is an upgraded model of the Raspberry Pie Pico microcontroller that was launched in January last year. As the name suggests, the Pico W adds wireless connectivity for developing Internet of Things (IoT) projects. Furthermore, this microcontroller is designed to retain complete pin compatibility with its predecessor, the Raspberry Pie Pico platform. The company has also launched the Pico H and Pico WH, which are slightly more expensive than the regular versions and feature pre-attached pin headers.

Raspberry Pie Pico W, Pico H, Pico WH price, availability

The Raspberry Pie Pico W costs $6 (roughly Rs. 475) and can be purchased from the vendors listed on the Raspberry Pie site. In India, this microcontroller is priced at Rs. 490. The $5 (roughly Rs. 395) Pico H is also available on the official site. Meanwhile, customers will have to wait till August to get their hands on the Pico WH, which will cost $7 (roughly Rs. 555).

Raspberry Pie Pico W specifications, features

As mentioned earlier, this microcontroller features the in-house RP2040 platform that is built on TSMC’s 40nm low-power process. It also packs two 133MHz Arm Cortex-M0+ cores and 264KB of on-chip SRAM. The Raspberry Pie Pico W is also fitted with the Infineon CYW43439 chip for 2.4GHz 802.11n Wi-Fi connectivity. This chip can also support Bluetooth Classic and Bluetooth Low-Energy technologies. The company has teased enabling Bluetooth connectivity in the future. Also, this is programmable via C and MicroPython.

The Raspberry Pie Foundation has also launched the Pico H and Pico WH microcontrollers that feature pre-populated headers and the company’s new 3-pin debug connector. These added features could simplify the installation of these microcontrollers for some users.


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F1 22, Xenoblade Chronicles 3, and More: July 2022 Games for PC, PS4, PS5, Switch, Xbox One, Xbox Series S/X

Stranger Things 4 Vol. 2, Better Call Saul 6 Part 2, and More: July Web Series on Netflix, Hotstar, Prime Video



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Multisigs mean funds in bridges are ‘one small slipup’ from being hacked

The recent exploit on Harmony’s Horizon Bridge revealed the inherent flaws with multisig admin keys that leave projects and their users “one small slipup” from deep trouble.

Two crypto project leads expressed their concern that the expansion of the multi-chain ecosystem could be hampered by the use of multisig contracts due to the dangers they pose with bridges keeping crypto funds safe.

Multisig refers to the requirement of multiple individuals to approve a transaction. The multichain ecosystem is the conglomeration of hundreds of blockchains with varying consensus algorithms that often interact through token bridges.

Founder of the Moonbeam blockchain Derek Yoo told Cointelegraph that he advocates for new approaches to security that aim to take the element of human error out of the equation. Yoo said the multichain ecosystem is seeing increased rise in usage due to the “desire to move assets to different chains” but that it needs much better security measures.

“There are inherent weaknesses in the multisig approach that expose you to hacking risk. It takes one small slipup and you’re in deep trouble.”

Moving assets between chains usually requires token bridges, like the Horizon Bridge which was exploited on June 23 for about $100 million in crypto assets. Horizon was compromised when two of the signee keys for its multisig contract were discovered by an attacker.

Yoo pointed out that the multisig approach may be the standard for the industry at present, but it is far from a gold standard. In his estimation, there are much more secure designs that could be implemented to bridge tokens, such as using a separate proof-of-stake (PoS) network for transfers. He feels that while developers have to make compromises to get to chains with a lot of activity:

“Communication between chains at the blockchain level is the bleeding edge and is the most secure type of bridging.”

CEO of the Mina Foundation which developed the Mina blockchain Evan Shapiro shares Yoo’s distrust of the multisig approach given the more advanced measures available to the industry now. He feels that the biggest problem facing the multichain ecosystem is its over-reliance on trust. He told Cointelegraph on June 30 that

“The obvious problem is based on third-party custodians serving as trusted intermediaries for bridges.”

In his view, the ideal would be for blockchains to be verified by each other, but acknowledges that that is infeasible and inefficient. An alternative is to utilize zero-knowledge proofs that compress and verify the massive amount of data stored on blockchains.

Related: Battle-hardened Ronin bridge to Axie reopens following $600M hack

Shapiro distilled the dilemma presented by token bridges down to who or what entity users are placing their trust in when bridging tokens. He said that it doesn’t matter if the bridge is the first party, as is the case with the Horizon Bridge, or the third party. “This is not about the development of the code,” he said.

“It speaks to the risks of custodial bridges. If you have a custodial bridge, a fixed number of people can compromise it.”

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REPORT: Bradley Beal Signs Five-Year Deal to Stay in Washington

Bradley Beal has inked a five-year deal to stay in Washington, per his agent.

Beal agreed to the deal shortly after declining to sign his player option during the extension deadline on Wednesday. The former lottery pick was the subject of many reports and rumors saying he was prepared to leave Washington for greener pastures. However, Beal stayed the course and is locked in with the Wizards for the foreseeable future.

The three-time All-Star averaged 23.2 points and 6.6 assists per game before receiving season-ending surgery on his wrist in February.



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8 Best Minecraft House Ideas

One of the fundamental parts of your Minecraft experience is building your forever home. You might be focused on the basics, such as building cute houses (we see you, cottagecore), and simplicity may be key for you. On the other hand, you could be the type to continually expand and use your home as a canvas to display the extent of your travels. Either way, if and when you’re stumped for ideas on how to add a flourish to the bland and stereotypical wooden four walls approach, you can start here from our list of 8 favorite Minecraft House builds.

If you’re just starting out, here are three simple starter house bases to consider:

(Video via MrMirror)

Below you’ll find some of our top Minecraft house ideas; from simple and cute builds, to elaborate castles, it’s time to make your next house epic; whatever that means for you.

1. Farmstead

A natural progression for many people due to the importance of farming as you get further into your game, a farmstead is a wonderful way to naturally expand your home. From building enclosures and stables for your animals, to extravagant waterways that flow through portions of your house on the way to moisturize your crops, you can get really creative whilst remaining functional here.

Farmhouse in Minecraft

With the limited scope that these kinds of builds allow, farmsteads often lend themselves to being cute, quaint, and quirky projects that blend in very well regardless of the environment that you choose to build them in.

2. Mansion

For those wanting to live more lavishly, a mansion is an excellent project to display the wealth of resources and items that you have accumulated as you’ve explored. As you would expect, the more detailed and expansive the build, the harder it will be to execute in Survival, but if you plan it out you can easily have a modular approach to your mansion; build out room by room, floor by floor, and add the connective tissue and aesthetic decorations after the fact.

Mansion in Minecraft

Whilst you can always discover and take over the humongous Woodland Mansions that spawn in your world, it will more than likely feel like a hollow victory. Only through hard work and perseverance can the decadence of a mansion feel truly earned.

3. Castle

The age-old build that everyone has tried at one point or another. Whether you’re an expert builder or you barely know how to build a house in Minecraft, a castle has likely crossed your mind as a long-term goal. Particularly excellent alongside other medieval-style builds (even more so if you apply a complimentary texture pack), castles can feel restrictive in your approach to building them.

Castle in Minecraft

Shake off those constraints! You can choose to create a wholly unique castle, or you can take inspiration from famous castles from real life or in fiction. Be it Windsor Castle in England, Kaer Morhen from The Witcher series, or Hogwarts Castle from Harry Potter, choose something that you have a personal affinity for. Not only will it give you the drive to continue with these lengthy builds, but it can also give you specific elements to build off of. Start with the Great Hall of Hogwarts, the drawbridge of Castle Greyskull, whatever it takes to start the process with a memorable section, and flesh it out from there.

4. Modern House

With the structures that are naturally generated in Minecraft (at least at the time of writing), almost all of them skew heavily toward rudimentary, medieval-style structures with wooden supports and stony accents. Attempting to build with similar materials, which just so happen to be those most abundant early on in your gameplay, it can begin to feel iterative and too similar to the last time you started a new world.

Modern House in Minecraft

Having that in mind, why not make some bold choices, not only in the design and layout of your house, but the materials used? Make a mark on the world that stands out, as opposed to blending in. With many modern houses, you see architects aiming to build a cool house that’s unique. Get your own architect’s hat on and be weird! After all, Minecraft being the ultimate creativity tool should lend you some amount of personal expression. (If you’re just beginning to plan your modern house build, we like this easy tutorial video on how to build your first modern house in Minecraft).

5. Treehouse

A seemingly simple build idea that can actually be quite difficult to pull off effectively, treehouses can be an eco-friendly way of leaving your footprint on the world. Often quite small and cute (think an Ewok hut in Return of the Jedi), you’ll likely want to use all-natural materials for these builds so that they blend in as much as possible.

Treehouse in Minecraft

These can be particularly fun if you are on a multiplayer server, where you aim to hide from your fellow players. For a game all about digging down, it’s not very often that you think to look up. Throw in the benefit of often having much better and wider views of your surrounding area, and there seem to only be upsides to crafting a home high in the treeline. To get down, you can use vines to be as inconspicuous as possible, or ladders/waterfalls if your build is aiming to be on the larger side.

To see all the kinds of treehouses you can create, check out our Minecraft Treehouse Ideas too.

6. Underwater House

If you like having a fish tank at home in real life, why not construct your Minecraft house beneath the waves? Keep in mind that underwater builds often require a lot of planning ahead and a fair amount of late-game materials such as Sponge to help efficiently clear the water once you seal the room.

Underwater House in Minecraft

Also keep in mind for underwater houses, you are often required to build a tunnel to get to the house, either straight down through the water or underground, and then up into the house. Either way, this permits you to come up with some unique ideas on how to conceal the entrance so those who don’t look too closely won’t even realize you’re dwelling beneath them. Sneaky, challenging and fun.

7. Sky Island

If living beneath the waves doesn’t sound appealing to you, how about up in the clouds? Creating a sky base has many advantages: you’ll be away from most threats (besides gravity), it’s quiet, and you’ll get some breathtaking views.

Sky Island House in Minecraft

Using a lot of Dirt and Stone, build up and create your own perfect spot in the sky. What you’ll definitely want to have is a source of water to let you swim up and down from your base without the risk of lethal fall damage, so a tip is to incorporate it into an artificial stream to accentuate your island in the air.

8. Hidden Underground Base

The perfect fit for the more discreet amongst you, having a base underground makes you completely undetectable from the surface. This advantage is even more exaggerated should you use a Redstone contraption with hidden doors and moving walls to make your entrance appear completely natural – nothing amiss.

Here’s an underground house when locked:

Hidden Underground House in Minecraft (Locked)

This can even be beneficial in solo play, as having a Redstone-controlled secret base ensures that no Mobs can break down a door and invade your private safe space.

Here’s the underground house when opened:

Hidden Undergroun House in Minecraft (Open)

Want More Minecraft?

What are your favorite house types to build lately? What’s been a challenge? Let us know below.

Samuel Heaney is a freelance writer with expertise in gaming guides and all things Minecraft. You can follow him on Twitter.



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These Harry Potter Minecraft Builds From 2012 Are Still Cool

The following incredible Minecraft builds come from the rich world of Harry Potter. Hogsmeade, Azkaban and of course plenty of amazing renditions of Hogwarts itself have all been faithfully recreated by Harry Potter superfans. Is this list from 2012? Maybe. Is it still cool? Definitely.

1. Harry as Pixel Art (Cute!)

Source: GissieGirl1313 on DeviantArt (Source URL Unknown)

2. More Pixel Art! Dumbledore and Fawkes

Source: Shinigami on Reddit

3. Weasley’s House, The Burrow

A faithful recreation of the Weasley’s eccentric house is still one of the most impressive Harry Potter builds in Minecraft today.

4. Quidditch Pitch!

User VvJajavV on Reddit

5. The Room of Requirement

Source: PotterCraft

6. The Picturesque Hogsmeade Village, But Make it Blocky

Source: Laroch

7. Azkaban

The massive recreation of Azkaban has lots of imaginative details, like the pumpkin head “dementor” guards.

Source: Jaykay

8. Hogwarts Express

This Hogwarts Express might not actually move, but its blocky steam trail and fully-modeled interior still make it very impressive.

Source: Sherlington

9. Da Castle!

Source: PotterCraft

Source: Smallishbeans on Reddit

10. Floating Candles

11. Bottom of Grand Staircase

Source: TheSilentStapler on minecraftforum.net

12. Bell Towers & Herbology Greenhouses

Source: TheSilentStapler on minecraftforum.net

13. Chess!

Source: TheSilentStapler on minecraftforum.net

Who wouldn’t want to build the chess game that helped the heroes to victory in Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone??

14. Knight Bus

Source: Mjhorge on minecraftforum.net

Impressive stuff, right? Be sure to leave a comment below if we missed any other great Harry Potter fan builds.

Also see:

Justin leads IGN’s Audience Development team and is part of IGN’s Game Scoop! He also played an unhealthy amount of Minecraft. You can follow him on Twitter.



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Russia Hints at Linking Griner’s Case to Fate of ‘Merchant of Death’

WASHINGTON — She is an American professional basketball star, accused of carrying hashish oil in her luggage.

He is a notorious Russian arms dealer known as the “Merchant of Death,” serving a 25-year federal prison sentence for conspiring to sell weapons to people who said they planned to kill Americans.

And the Kremlin appears interested in linking their fates, in a potential deal with the Biden administration that would free both.

The vast disparity between the cases of Brittney Griner and Viktor Bout highlights the extreme difficulty President Biden would face if he sought a prisoner exchange to free Ms. Griner, the detained W.N.B.A. player, from detention in Moscow. The Biden administration, reluctant to create an incentive for the arrest or abduction of Americans abroad, would be hard-pressed to justify the release of a villainous figure like Mr. Bout.

At the same time, Mr. Biden is under pressure to free Ms. Griner, who was arrested at a Moscow-area airport in February and whom the State Department classified in May as “wrongfully detained.” That reflects concern that the Kremlin considers her leverage in the tense confrontation between the United States and Russia over Ukraine. Last week, dozens of groups representing people of color, women and L.G.B.T.Q. Americans sent a letter urging Mr. Biden to “make a deal to get Brittney back home to America immediately and safely.”

Ms. Griner’s trial was scheduled to start on Friday.

Mr. Bout, 55, a former Soviet military officer who made a fortune in global arms trafficking before he was caught in a federal sting operation, could be the price for any deal. Russian officials have pressed Mr. Bout’s case for years, and in recent weeks Russian media outlets have directly linked his case to Ms. Griner’s. Some, including the state-owned Tass news service, have even claimed that talks with Washington for a possible exchange are already underway, something that U.S. officials will not confirm.

Mr. Bout’s New York-based lawyer, Steve Zissou, said in an interview that Russian officials are pressing to free Mr. Bout, who was convicted in 2011 of offering to sell weapons, including antiaircraft missiles, to federal agents posing as members of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, or FARC. Mr. Zissou said that he met with Anatoly I. Antonov, Russia’s ambassador to the United States, in June in Washington and that Mr. Antonov told him the release of Mr. Bout was a very high priority for the Russian government.

“It has been communicated to the American side very clearly that they’re going to have to get real on Viktor Bout if they expect any further prisoner exchanges,” Mr. Zissou said. “My sense of this is that no American is going home unless Viktor Bout is sent home with them.”

U.S. officials have declined to substantiate that notion and won’t discuss any potential deal to free Ms. Griner. The State Department as a matter of practice dismisses questions about prisoner exchanges around the world, warning that they set a dangerous precedent.

“Using wrongful detention as a bargaining chip represents a threat to the safety of everyone traveling, working and living abroad,” the department’s spokesman, Ned Price, recently said.

Mr. Biden did agree to a prisoner exchange in April, in which Russia released Trevor Reed, a former U.S. Marine from Texas who had been held since 2019 on charges of assaulting two police officers. The United States in return freed Konstantin Yaroshenko, a pilot sentenced in 2011 to 20 years in prison for drug smuggling. But White House officials stressed that Mr. Reed’s failing health made his case exceptional.

Many people have expressed support for Ms. Griner, a star athlete and basketball icon. Less obvious is the Russian government’s solidarity with an organized crime titan linked to terrorists and war criminals. In December, a government building in Moscow exhibited two dozen of Mr. Bout’s pencil sketches and other artwork produced from his cell in a federal penitentiary building near Marion, Ill.

By the time of his arrest in 2008, Mr. Bout (pronounced “boot”) was so known that an arms-trafficking character played by Nicolas Cage in the 2005 film “Lord of War” was based on his life.

Born in Dushanbe, Tajikistan, he attended a Russian military college and served as a Soviet air force officer.

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Mr. Bout began making money ferrying cargo between continents. U.S. officials say he soon became one of the world’s top arms dealers, transporting weapons from the former Soviet military in Ilyushin transport planes, with a particularly lucrative business in war-torn African countries like Liberia and Sierra Leone. Mr. Bout denies that he knowingly trafficked arms.

In the late 1990s and early 2000s, the United States and European nations were sure that Mr. Bout’s weapons shipments were not only fueling death and misery but also violating United Nations arms embargoes. They were particularly alarmed by intelligence suggesting he may have done business with the Afghan Taliban and even Al Qaeda, charges he denies.

Eventually, the United States lured Mr. Bout into a trap. In 2008, a pair of Drug Enforcement Administration agents posing as members of Colombia’s leftist FARC rebel group arranged a meeting in Bangkok with Mr. Bout to buy weapons including 30,000 AK-47 rifles, plastic explosives and surface-to-air missiles for use against Colombia’s government and the American military personnel supporting its campaign against the FARC.

“Viktor Bout was ready to sell a weapons arsenal that would be the envy of some small countries,” Preet Bharara, then the U.S. attorney for the Southern District of New York, said after his conviction. “He aimed to sell those weapons to terrorists for the purpose of killing Americans.”

The FARC’s official status at the time as a foreign terrorist organization meant that Mr. Bout drew a mandatory federal minimum sentence of 25 years.

One former U.S. official familiar with Mr. Bout’s situation said the Russian government’s interest in his freedom appeared to be personal and that he has ties to powerful people close to President Vladimir V. Putin.

Another former American official pointed to a somewhat more principled reason: Mr. Bout was arrested in Thailand and extradited from there to New York. Russian officials have complained about what they call the growing “practice used by the U.S. of actually hunting down our citizens abroad and arresting them in other nations,” as Grigory Lukyantsev, the Russian Foreign Ministry’s commissioner for human rights, said in August, according to the Russian news outlet RT.

The first former U.S. official said it was highly unlikely that, given the magnitude of his crimes, Mr. Bout would be freed in any deal for Ms. Griner — even if, as some have speculated, the trade were to include Paul Whelan, a former U.S. Marine imprisoned in Moscow since December 2018 on espionage charges. The former official said Russia had sought Mr. Bout’s release in even higher-profile cases in the past and had been firmly rejected.

Both former officials spoke on the condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to discuss their knowledge of Mr. Bout’s case publicly.

Danielle Gilbert, an assistant professor of military and strategic studies at the U.S. Air Force Academy who specializes in hostage diplomacy, agreed that releasing Mr. Bout would be a difficult political proposition. But she did not rule out the idea. “It wouldn’t surprise me if they’re at least considering the possibility,” she said, noting that she does not speak for the U.S. government.

Mr. Bout has at least one advocate for his release in the United States: Shira A. Scheindlin, the judge who presided over his case. In an interview, Ms. Scheindlin said that swapping Mr. Bout for Ms. Griner would be inappropriate, given the scale of his offense in relation to her alleged violation.

But she said a deal that also included Mr. Whelan might even the scales. Mr. Bout has already served 11 years in prison, she noted, saying that “he was not a terrorist, in my opinion. He was a businessman.” Although she was required to impose his mandatory 25-year sentence, she added: “I thought it was too high at the time.”

“So, having served as long as he has, I think the United States’ interest in punishing him has been satisfied,” she said, “and it would not be a bad equation to send him back if we get back these people who are important to us.”

Even if the United States were open to such a deal, Mr. Zissou said it would not be imminent. He said he believed that Russia — which insists Ms. Griner faces legitimate charges and is not a political pawn — was determined to complete her trial before negotiating her release. “And that is likely to take a few months,” he said.

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